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Venice's economy has greatly evolved throughout history. In its early years Venice was a major commerce and trade station and became an extremely wealthy European city. As the late 17th century came, the fall of the Republic turned Venice into a major agricultural and industrial exporter. (See Venetian Economy). Today, Venice's economy is mainly based on tourism. The Cruise Shipping industry plays a big part in supplying Venice with its tourists, hence boosting the economy tremendously.
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Cruise Ship Impact
Cruise Shipping has been a major part of the Venetian Economy since the begginings of the industry. With cruise ship popularity rising worldwide, there is no doubt that cruise ships have a major effect on any economy they inhabit. The massive growth of cruise shipping in Venice over recent years has opened the city up to unimaginable profit. Since 1997 Venice has witnessed a traffic increase of 305.8%, as determined by the VTP. (See also Venezia Terminal Passeggeri S.p.A.). There was a forecasted 560 cruise calls for this year alone, with nearly 1,397,981 total passengers disembarking into the streets of Venice. Between docking fees and other miscellaneous fees, Venice makes a large sum of money from these ships. Although most prices are negotiated, on average the docking fee alone brings in € 30,000 per day. On average, each cruise ship brings an estimated 1775 passengers, who are all willing to spend money as well. Cruise Ships, all in all, are a major economical force.
Passenger Impact
Although cruise ship passengers have the choice of dining and resting at the cruise ship, many decide to disembark and tour Venice. Many will even spend extra money to experience a night or two at a Venetian hotel. Since their stay is very brief, many passengers will tend to spend their money more willingly. If we assume a low-ball estimate spending of €50 per passenger per day during the time period starting October 25th and ending November 21st we can see that passengers can bring upwards of nearly €450,000 in just one day. That is, assuming that all passengers disembark and spend money.
Cruise Ships: Influencing the City of Venice
The ultimate goal of this project was to develop a publicly accessible profile of the positive and negative economic, social, and environmental impacts of cruise ships and their passengers on the city. One objective of our Ships IQP focused mainly on the impact of Cruise Ships and their passengers on Venetian economy. To determine an accurate impact of cruise ship passengers, we surveyed random groups of passengers and obtained data, which we later compared with The Venice Report's data.
Our Survey
In order to determine cruise ship passenger spending, we created a survey which we implemented at various passenger drop off points, mainly in Piazzale Roma. Along with some common questions of nationality and age, we also determined what ship they were from, the male and female ratio, where each person went, how long they stayed, and how much they spent. This survey allowed us to analyze per day per person spending as well as average 1 day, 2 day, and 3 day spending per person.
Survey Results
The completion of our survey resulted in the data from 112 individuals. These individuals were part of 32 parties, with roughly a 50-50 male to female ratio. The average age of these passengers was roughly 46 years old. The data collection came from 5 different cruise ships over 7 cruise calls. The main country of origin was the United States aboard all these ships. These cruise ship passengers dispersed all throughout Venice, although Piazza de San Marco was most visited, along with its neighboring churches and museums. The sum spent by the 112 individuals as a group totaled 19,875 Euro, with each individual spending an average of 83.38 Euro per day. The average cumulative expenditure for passengers who only spent one night in Venice was 75.10 Euro, for two nights 208.21 Euro on the second night, and for 221.53 Euro for three days. The graphic below depicts all of our data.
The Venice Report
The Venice Report presents various bits of information about Venice, including the economic impacts of cruise ships and its passengers. The number of cruise ship passengers to arrive in Venice in 2007, who spent an average of nearly four days in town, totaled nearly 239,000. Among facts such as this, the report states that on average the daily expenditure of a passenger that stays 1 day is 82 Euro, for a 2 day stay 247 Euro, and anything greater that 2 days is 230 Euro. The downside to this report is that it doesn’t explain any of its methodology. The positive part is that it show fairly similar results as our IQP shows.
References
http://www.vtp.it/pages/statistiche.jsp?m=7
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy
The Venice Report
The massive growth of cruise shipping in Venice over recent years has opened the city up to unimaginable profit